Substratum - Revision history

Admin at 08:58, 20 July 2023

2023-07-20T08:58:04Z

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2023-05-10T08:25:50Z

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Admin at 08:51, 25 October 2021

2021-10-25T08:51:46Z

Admin at 10:46, 8 March 2021

2021-03-08T10:46:12Z

Admin: /* Examples */

2021-01-20T11:15:43Z

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Admin at 15:33, 19 January 2021

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Admin at 08:42, 12 January 2021

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 <p>Note that both these examples pertain to the field of [[grammatical interference]], as grammatical are normally the features that the superstratum (in these cases, Assyrian and Akkadian) may absorb from the [[substratum]] (in both cases, Hittite).</p>
-<p>A topic that is strongly connected to the research on ancient language contact is that of the existence of a Pre-Greek substratum in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean area. According to scholars such as Furnée (1972) and Beekes (2009), a large portion of the Greek lexicon that does not appear to be inherited may be explained as resulting from contacts with one or more local languages that were spoken in the Eastern portion of the Mediterranean before the alleged migration of Indo-European speakers. The problem of the Pre-Greek substratum is methodologically complex and interesting, as it highlights several methodological issues, sich as (a) the problem of the unicity or multilplicity of substrata, (b) the boundaries and extension of an area interested by the presence of a substratum, (c) the limits of reconstrucion of substrata when working only with a limited set of words and forms that are, furthermore, adapted to the [[morphological adaptation | morphology]] and [[phonological adaptation | phonology]] of one or more [[target language | target languages]] (see Merlin 2020 for further discussion).</p>
+<p>A topic that is strongly connected to the research on ancient language contact is that of the existence of a Pre-Greek substratum in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean area. According to scholars such as Furnée (1972) and Beekes (2009), a large portion of the Greek lexicon that does not appear to be inherited may be explained as resulting from contacts with one or more local languages that were spoken in the Eastern portion of the Mediterranean before the alleged migration of [[language family | Indo-European]] speakers. The problem of the Pre-Greek substratum is methodologically complex and interesting, as it highlights several methodological issues, sich as (a) the problem of the unicity or multilplicity of substrata, (b) the boundaries and extension of an area interested by the presence of a substratum, (c) the limits of reconstrucion of substrata when working only with a limited set of words and forms that are, furthermore, adapted to the [[morphological adaptation | morphology]] and [[phonological adaptation | phonology]] of one or more [[target language | target languages]] (see Merlin 2020 for further discussion).</p>
 ==References==

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 <p>Note that both these examples pertain to the field of [[grammatical interference]], as grammatical are normally the features that the superstratum (in these cases, Assyrian and Akkadian) may absorb from the [[substratum]] (in both cases, Hittite).</p>
-<p>A topic that is strongly connected to the research on ancient language contact is that of the existence of a Pre-Greek substratum in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean area. According to scholars such as Furnée (1972) and Beekes (2009), a large portion of the Greek lexicon that does not appear to be inherited may be explained as resulting from contacts with one or more local languages that were spoken in the Eastern portion of the Mediterranean before the alleged migration of Indo-European speakers. The problem of the Pre-Greek substratum is methodologically complex and interesting, as it highlights several methodological issues, sich as (a) the problem of the unicity or multilplicity of substrata, (b) the boundaries and extension of an area interested by the presence of a substratum, (c) the limits of reconstrucion of substrata when working only with a limited set of words and forms that are, furthermore, adapted to the [[morphological adaptation | morphology] and [phonological adaptation | phonology] of one or more [target language | target languages] (see Merlin 2020 for further discussion).</p>
+<p>A topic that is strongly connected to the research on ancient language contact is that of the existence of a Pre-Greek substratum in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean area. According to scholars such as Furnée (1972) and Beekes (2009), a large portion of the Greek lexicon that does not appear to be inherited may be explained as resulting from contacts with one or more local languages that were spoken in the Eastern portion of the Mediterranean before the alleged migration of Indo-European speakers. The problem of the Pre-Greek substratum is methodologically complex and interesting, as it highlights several methodological issues, sich as (a) the problem of the unicity or multilplicity of substrata, (b) the boundaries and extension of an area interested by the presence of a substratum, (c) the limits of reconstrucion of substrata when working only with a limited set of words and forms that are, furthermore, adapted to the [[morphological adaptation | morphology]] and [[phonological adaptation | phonology]] of one or more [[target language | target languages]] (see Merlin 2020 for further discussion).</p>
 ==References==

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 <p>Note that both these examples pertain to the field of [[grammatical interference]], as grammatical are normally the features that the superstratum (in these cases, Assyrian and Akkadian) may absorb from the [[substratum]] (in both cases, Hittite).</p>
-<p>A topic that is strongly connected to the research on ancient language contact is that of the existence of a Pre-Greek substratum in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean area. According to scholars such as Furnée (1972) and Beekes (2009), a large portion of the Greek lexicon that does not appear to be inherited may be explained as resulting from contacts with one or more local languages that were spoken in the Eastern portion of the Mediterranean before the alleged migration of Indo-European speakers. The problem of the Pre-Greek substratum is methodologically complex and interesting, as it highlights several methodological issues, sich as (a) the problem of the unicity or multilplicity of substrata, (b) the boundaries and extension of an area interested by the presence of a substratum, (c) the limits of reconstrucion of substrata when working only with a limited set of words and forms that are, furthermore, adapted to the morphology and phonology of one or more target languages (see Merlin 2020 for further discussion).</p>
+<p>A topic that is strongly connected to the research on ancient language contact is that of the existence of a Pre-Greek substratum in the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean area. According to scholars such as Furnée (1972) and Beekes (2009), a large portion of the Greek lexicon that does not appear to be inherited may be explained as resulting from contacts with one or more local languages that were spoken in the Eastern portion of the Mediterranean before the alleged migration of Indo-European speakers. The problem of the Pre-Greek substratum is methodologically complex and interesting, as it highlights several methodological issues, sich as (a) the problem of the unicity or multilplicity of substrata, (b) the boundaries and extension of an area interested by the presence of a substratum, (c) the limits of reconstrucion of substrata when working only with a limited set of words and forms that are, furthermore, adapted to the [[morphological adaptation | morphology] and [phonological adaptation | phonology] of one or more [target language | target languages] (see Merlin 2020 for further discussion).</p>
 ==References==

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:23, 10 May 2023
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	==References==		==References==
−	Andrason, A. and Vita, J. (2016). Contact Languages of the Ancient Near East – Three more Case Studies (Ugaritic-Hurrian, Hurro-Akkadian and Canaano-Akkadian). Journal of Language Contact 9, 293-334. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00902004. Devecchi, E. 2005. Gli annali di Hattusili I nella versione accadica. Pavia.	+	Andrason, A. and Vita, J. (2016). Contact Languages of the Ancient Near East – Three more Case Studies (Ugaritic-Hurrian, Hurro-Akkadian and Canaano-Akkadian). Journal of Language Contact 9, 293-334. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00902004. Beekes, Robert S. P. 2014: Pre-Greek. Phonology, morphology, lexicon. (Brill Introductions to
		+	Indo-European Languages 2) Leiden – Boston. Devecchi, E. 2005. Gli annali di Hattusili I nella versione accadica. Pavia. Furnée, Edzard J. 1972: Die wichtigsten konsonantischen Erscheinungen des Vorgriechischen: mit
		+	einem Appendix über den Vokalismus. (Janua Linguarum, Series practica 150) The Hague. Merlin, S. 2020. “PRE-GREEK”: BETWEEN THEORIES AND LINGUISTIC DATA. EXAMPLES FROM THE ANATOLIAN AREA, in L. L. Repanšek, H. Bichlmeier, V. Sadovski, eds., L. Repanšek, H. Bichlmeier, V. Sadovski, eds., vácāmsi miśrāá krṇavāmahai. Proceedings of the international conference of the Society for Indo-European Studies and IWoBA XII, Ljubljana 4–7 June 2019, Hamburg, pp. 487-507.

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 </blockquote>
-Note that both these examples pertain to the field of [[grammatical interference]], as grammatical are normally the features that the superstratum (in these cases, Assyrian and Akkadian) may absorb from the [[substratum]] (in both cases, Hittite).
+<p>Note that both these examples pertain to the field of [[grammatical interference]], as grammatical are normally the features that the superstratum (in these cases, Assyrian and Akkadian) may absorb from the [[substratum]] (in both cases, Hittite).</p>
 ==References==
 Andrason, A. and Vita, J. (2016). Contact Languages of the Ancient Near East – Three more Case Studies (Ugaritic-Hurrian, Hurro-Akkadian and Canaano-Akkadian). Journal of Language Contact 9, 293-334. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00902004. Devecchi, E. 2005. Gli annali di Hattusili I nella versione accadica. Pavia.

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 ==Article==
-Concept introduced by G.I. Ascoli in the 1860s, a linguistic substratum is an endemic language that, in a context of language superposition, influences an intrusive language called a [[superstratum]]. The seminal discussion by Ascoli opened the field to the concept of [[strata]], which, with several modifications and evolutions in the studies that followed, became a crucial model for the description of multilingual areas.
+<p>Concept introduced by G.I. Ascoli in the 1860s, a linguistic substratum is an endemic language that, in a context of language superposition, influences an intrusive language called a [[superstratum]]. The seminal discussion by Ascoli opened the field to the concept of [[strata]], which, with several modifications and evolutions in the studies that followed, became a crucial model for the description of multilingual areas. Diachronically, the term substrate not only refers to the phenomena which appear as a result of superposition in the dominant language, but to the linguistic layer to which, in a given area, a dominant language has been superimposed, thereby resulting in cultural domination, which in turn could have been caused by economic, social, political or military factors.</p>
 ==Example==

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Concept introduced by G.I. Ascoli in the 1860s, a linguistic substratum is an endemic language that, in a context of language superposition, influences an intrusive language called a [[superstratum]]. The seminal discussion by Ascoli opened the field to the concept of [[strata]], which, with several modifications and evolutions in the studies that followed, became a crucial model for the description of multilingual areas.
-==Examples==
+==Example==
 <p>For corpus-languages, substrata are quite elusive and can only be identified basing on historical information about the demographics of specific areas. They tend to emerge in corpora as low-ranking codes as opposed to the standard scribal tradition of more prestigious superstrata (cf. Anderson and Vita 2016, who present three case studies from the Semitic and Hurrian environments).</p><p>
 An example from the Anatolian area is represented by the presence of grammatical mistakes in the Old Assyrian corpus from Kaneš that depend on interference from the Hittite morph-syntax, e.g. the lack of proper gender marking, as in:</p>

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Examples==
-For corpus-languages, substrata are quite elusive and can only be identified basing on historical information about the demographics of specific areas. They tend to emerge in corpora as low-ranking codes as opposed to the standard scribal tradition of more prestigious superstrata (cf. Anderson and Vita 2016, who present three case studies from the Semitic and Hurrian environments).<br>
+<p>For corpus-languages, substrata are quite elusive and can only be identified basing on historical information about the demographics of specific areas. They tend to emerge in corpora as low-ranking codes as opposed to the standard scribal tradition of more prestigious superstrata (cf. Anderson and Vita 2016, who present three case studies from the Semitic and Hurrian environments).</p><p>
-An example from the Anatolian area is represented by the presence of grammatical mistakes in the Old Assyrian corpus from Kaneš that depend on interference from the Hittite morph-syntax, e.g. the lack of proper gender marking on the finite verbal form, as in:
+An example from the Anatolian area is represented by the presence of grammatical mistakes in the Old Assyrian corpus from Kaneš that depend on interference from the Hittite morph-syntax, e.g. the lack of proper gender marking, as in:</p>
 <blockquote>

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:42, 12 January 2021
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−	==Translations=	+	==Translations==
	sostrato \| substrat \| Substrat		sostrato \| substrat \| Substrat